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How to Create Packages With Cmake?

4 minutes read

To create packages with CMake, you first need to define the components of your package in your CMakeLists.txt file. This includes specifying the source files, header files, dependencies, and any other necessary information for building your package.


Next, you need to use the Install command in CMake to specify which files should be installed when the package is built. This can include executable files, libraries, headers, and any other necessary files.


You can also use CMake's CPack module to package your built files into a distributable format, such as a .zip file or .tar.gz file. CPack allows you to customize the packaging process and include any additional files or metadata that you want to include in your package.


Overall, creating packages with CMake involves defining your package components, specifying the installation process, and using CPack to package your files into a distributable format.


How to set environment variables with cmake?

  1. In your CMakeLists.txt file, use the set command to define the environment variables you want to set. For example:
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set(ENV_VAR_NAME "value")


  1. Use the add_definitions command to add the environment variables to the compile definitions. For example:
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add_definitions(-DENV_VAR_NAME="${ENV_VAR_NAME}")


  1. Run cmake to generate the Makefile or project for your environment variables to take effect.


How to create install targets with cmake?

In order to create install targets with CMake, you need to define an install command in your CMakeLists.txt file. Here's a general outline of how to do this:

  1. Set the install directory: First, you need to specify the directory where you want to install the files. This can be done using the CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX variable in your CMakeLists.txt:
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set(CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX /path/to/install/directory)


  1. Create install targets: Next, you need to define the files or targets that you want to install. This can be done using the install command. For example, to install an executable target:
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install(TARGETS my_executable DESTINATION bin)


This will install the "my_executable" target into the "bin" subdirectory of the install directory specified in step 1.

  1. Install files: You can also install individual files using the install command. For example, to install a configuration file:
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install(FILES my_config.conf DESTINATION etc)


This will install the file "my_config.conf" into the "etc" subdirectory of the install directory.

  1. Run the install command: Finally, you need to run the install command in your CMakeLists.txt file to trigger the installation process:
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install(CODE "message(STATUS \"Installing...\")")


This will display a status message and trigger the installation process when you run the cmake --install command.


By following these steps, you can create install targets with CMake and specify where you want to install the files or targets in your project.


What is the cmake command syntax?

The basic syntax for the cmake command is as follows:

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cmake [options] <path to source>


Here, [options] refers to any additional options that can be specified for the cmake command. These options can include things like setting the build type, specifying the installation prefix, enabling/disable certain features, etc.


<path to source> is the path to the root of the project source directory where the CMakeLists.txt file is located.


Additional flags and options can also be specified with the cmake command to further customize the build process.


What is an cmake package?

A CMake package is a collection of files, such as source code, build scripts, and configuration settings, that are organized in a specific way so that they can be easily used with the CMake build system. CMake packages typically include a CMakeLists.txt file, which defines how the project should be built and configured. These packages are used to help facilitate the building and packaging of software projects across different platforms and build systems.


How to install cmake?

To install CMake, follow these steps:

  1. Visit the official CMake website at https://cmake.org/download/ and download the latest version of CMake for your operating system (Windows, MacOS, Linux).
  2. For Windows: Double-click the downloaded .msi file and follow the installation wizard instructions. Make sure to select the option to add CMake to the system path during the installation process.
  3. For MacOS: Open the downloaded .dmg file and drag the CMake icon to the Applications folder. Open a terminal and run the following command to add CMake to the system path: echo 'export PATH="/Applications/CMake.app/Contents/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile
  4. For Linux: Extract the downloaded .tar.gz file to a directory of your choice. Open a terminal and navigate to the directory where CMake is extracted. Run the following commands to install CMake: ./bootstrap make sudo make install
  5. To verify that CMake is installed correctly, open a terminal and run the following command: cmake --version


You should see the version of CMake displayed in the terminal if the installation was successful.


What is the cmake output directory?

The cmake output directory is the location where CMake generates the build files, executable files, and other artifacts for a project. This directory is specified by the user during the CMake configuration process and can be set to any desired location on the filesystem. By default, the output directory is typically set to a subdirectory within the project's source directory, such as "build". This separation of source and build files helps keep the project directory organized and makes it easier to manage the build process.

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